Vladimir Putin is the current president of Russia, a position he has held since 2012, and previously from 2000 to 2008. He also served as Prime Minister from 1999 to 2000 and again from 2008 to 2012. His leadership has been characterized by a centralized political system, economic reforms initially fueled by energy revenues, and a more assertive foreign policy. Putin's tenure has also been marked by concerns regarding human rights, freedom of the press, and political opposition within Russia, as well as international tensions stemming from conflicts in Ukraine and other geopolitical issues.
